The primary factors influencing broadband speeds over copper are distance and frequency. Higher frequencies attenuate more quickly than lower frequencies. VDSL2 Vectoring is now widely deployed, bitrates exceed 100 Mbit/s DS. First deployments started in CY2016 with more broader roll-outs globally in CY2017. G.Fast and VDSL Profile 35b provide ultra-fast broadband. G.fast fills the access technology gap between 100Mbit/s VDSL and 2.5 Gbit/s PON. G.fast supports FTTdp and FTTB architectures. What does VDSL2 Profile 35b offer? Delivers aggregate speeds of 200 Mit/s and more over traditional copper telephone lines at distances up to 500 meters, 300 Mbit/s and more on loops shorter than 200 m, and lowers operator costs compared to G.fast. G.fast is effective in every case: Fiber to the front door, Fiber to the floor, Fiber to the building, and Row houses. Some key aspects of G.fast are: speed up to 1000 Mbit/s for FTTB deployments < 100 m, 500 Mbit/s at 100 m, 200 Mbit/s at 200 and 150 Mbit/s at 250 m, customer self-installable CPE, uses reverse power feeding from Residential Gateway, low power consumption, robust with high immunity to disturbers, downstream/upstream asymmetry ratio is MIB provisionable. The issue is: where to deploy fiber to the most economical point?